- Article
- Published:
- Haifei Wang1,2na1,
- Shuojian Su1,3,4na1,
- Yuetian Chen ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0003-3516-81991,2,5na1,
- Meng Ren ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-5862-61671,
- Shaowei Wang1,
- Yao Wang3,
- Chen Zhu3,4,
- Yanfeng Miao ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0003-2555-84921,2,5,
- Chuying Ouyang ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0001-8891-16823,4,6 &
- …
- Yixin Zhao ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-8663-99931,2,3,5
Nature (2024)Cite this article
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Subjects
- Energy
- Solar cells
Abstract
One issue that always strands the scaling-up development of perovskite photovoltaics is the significant efficiency drop when enlarging the device area, which is caused by the inhomogeneous distribution of defected sites1-3. In the narrow band gap formamidinium lead iodide (FAPbI3), the native impurities of PbI2 and δ-FAPbI3 non-perovskite could induce unfavored non-radiative recombination, as well as inferior charge transport and extraction 4,5.Here, we develop an impurity-healing interface engineering strategy to well address the issue both in small-area solar cell and large-scale submodule. With the introduction of a functional cation, 2-(1-cyclohexenyl)ethyl ammonium, two-dimensional (2D) perovskite with high mobility is rationally constructed on FAPbI3 to horizontally cover the film surface and vertically penetrate to the grain boundaries of 3D perovskites. Such unique configuration not only comprehensively transforms the PbI2 and δ-FAPbI3 impurities into stable 2D perovskite and realize a uniform defect passivation, but also provides interconnecting channels for efficient carrier transport. As a result, the FAPbI3-based small-area (0.085 cm2) solar cells achieve a champion efficiency over 25.86% with a notably high fill factor (FF) of 86.16%. More encouragingly, the fabricated submodules with the aperture area of 715.1 cm2 obtain a certified record efficiency of 22.46% with a good FF of 81.21%, showcasing the feasibility and effectualness of the impurity-healing interface engineering for scaling-up promotion with well-preserved photovoltaic performance.
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Author notes
These authors contributed equally: Haifei Wang, Shuojian Su, Yuetian Chen
Authors and Affiliations
School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
Haifei Wang,Shuojian Su,Yuetian Chen,Meng Ren,Shaowei Wang,Yanfeng Miao&Yixin Zhao
Shanghai Non-carbon Energy Conversion and Utilization Institute, Shanghai, China
Haifei Wang,Yuetian Chen,Yanfeng Miao&Yixin Zhao
Center of Future Photovoltaics Research, Global Institute of Future Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University (SJTU-GIFT), Shanghai, China
Shuojian Su,Yao Wang,Chen Zhu,Chuying Ouyang&Yixin Zhao
Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Energy Devices of China, Fujian, China
Shuojian Su,Chen Zhu&Chuying Ouyang
State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
Yuetian Chen,Yanfeng Miao&Yixin Zhao
Department of Physics, Laboratory of Computational Materials Physics, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
Chuying Ouyang
Authors
- Haifei Wang
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- Shuojian Su
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- Yuetian Chen
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- Meng Ren
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- Shaowei Wang
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- Yao Wang
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- Chen Zhu
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- Yanfeng Miao
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- Chuying Ouyang
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- Yixin Zhao
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Corresponding authors
Correspondence to Yanfeng Miao, Chuying Ouyang or Yixin Zhao.
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This file contains Supplementary Figures 1-37 Supplementary Table 1 Supplementary Notes 1-4 and Supplementary References.
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Wang, H., Su, S., Chen, Y. et al. Impurity-healing interface engineering for efficient perovskite submodules. Nature (2024). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-024-08073-w
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-024-08073-w
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